What occurs to hemoglobin when carbon monoxide is inhaled?

When carbon monoxide is inhaled, it interacts with hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. The binding of carbon monoxide to hemoglobin leads to the formation of carboxyhemoglobin. This compound significantly inhibits hemoglobin's ability to transport oxygen because carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin more than 200 times more readily than oxygen does. As a result, the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is compromised, which can lead to tissue hypoxia or lack of oxygen in the body's tissues.

Understanding the formation of carboxyhemoglobin is crucial in occupational hygiene, particularly in environments where combustion gases are present, as it poses serious health risks. Monitoring and mitigating exposure to carbon monoxide can prevent its harmful effects on the body, including symptoms like headaches, dizziness, and even loss of consciousness in severe cases.