What material property is exploited in several industrial applications of asbestos?

The correct answer is heat resistance, which is a defining characteristic of asbestos that has made it valuable in various industrial applications. Asbestos fibers can withstand high temperatures, making them an excellent insulator, particularly in environments where heat protection is crucial, such as in the manufacturing of insulation materials, fireproofing products, and automotive components like brake pads. This natural ability to resist heat has led to its widespread use in building materials, electrical insulation, and fireproof fabrics.

In contrast, electrical conductivity is not a property of asbestos; in fact, it is primarily an insulator. Mechanical flexibility is also not a significant characteristic of asbestos fibers compared to other materials, and while some types of asbestos may have limited chemical reactivity, this is not a primary reason for its industrial use. Therefore, heat resistance distinctly highlights why asbestos has been favored in many applications, focusing on its ability to endure extreme thermal conditions.